Microbiome of Urologic Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome

Inclusion Criteria: * Consent: Participant has signed and dated the Informed Consent document, approved by the Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions Institutional Review Board; * Agreement: Participant agrees to participate in study procedures; * Age: Participant is at least 18 years of age; * Symptom Severity: Participant reports a response of at least 8 on the Pain Domain of the NIH-Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (CPSI) Questionnaire; * Duration of Symptoms: Symptoms have been present for at least 3 months within the preceding 6 months. Exclusion Criteria: * Urethral conditions: Participant has an ongoing symptomatic urethral stricture; * Bladder conditions: Participant has a history of cystitis caused by tuberculosis, radiation therapy or cytoxan/cyclophosphamide therapy, augmentation cystoplasty or cystectomy; * Testicular conditions: Participant diagnosed with unilateral orchialgia, without pelvic symptoms; * Prostate conditions or procedures: Participant has a history of transurethral microwave thermotherapy (TUMT), transurethral needle ablation (TUNA), balloon dilation, prostate cryosurgery, or laser procedure; * Neurological diseases or disorders affecting the bladder: Parkinson disease, multiple system atrophy, multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury, cervical myelopathy, acute transverse myelitis, diabetic cystopathy, or dysfunctional voiding (non-neurogenic neurogenic bladder or Hinman syndrome); * Psychiatric conditions: Participant has current major psychiatric disorder or other psychiatric or medical issues that would interfere with study participation (e.g. dementia, psychosis, upcoming major surgery, etc.); * Malignancy: Participant has a history of cancer (with the exception of skin cancer). Control group exclusion criteria: In addition to the exclusion criteria listed above, additional criteria for control subjects are as follows: * Chronic Pain: In the past year, symptoms of discomfort or pain in the pelvic region for a period longer than 3 months within the preceding year; * Infection: Volunteers who have had a urinary tract infection with a urine culture value of \>100,000 colony forming units/ml (CFU/ml) within the past three months. * Intravesical Therapy: Volunteers treated with intravesical chemotherapy or Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) therapy; * Gastrointestinal Conditions: Volunteers with inflammatory bowel disease (such as Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis, but not irritable bowel syndrome).