Effect Of Cryotherapy On Kinematic Gait Parameters In Patients With Chronic Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome

Inclusion Criteria: * The patients were diagnosed as patellofemoral pain by an orthopedist. * The participants were eligible to be included if they had bilateral PFPS or unilateral PFPS. * Duration of knee pain is 4-5 weeks during 6 months prior to study. (Collins et al., 2010). * Their ages were ranging from 18 to 40 years (Clin Rheumatol et al., 2012). * Their BMI was ranging from(20 to 25 kg/m2) (Fischer et al., 2009) Exclusion Criteria: * • Rheumatoid Arthritis or other systemic rheumatic diseases. * Dementia, psychosis. * Active substance abuse disorder; acute or chronic disease, injury, deformity. * Operation of the lower limb and knee. * Severe hearing or visual impairment. * Hospitalization for a cardiovascular condition, cerebral infarction or arrhythmia in the previous 3 months. * Recent history of 3 or more falls. * Current participation in another OA intervention study. * Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. * Intra-articular knee injections in the previous 6 months. * Contraindications to cryotherapy application those that feel a high level of discomfort or pain during the application.